HND3800T32W 8NES800T
HND3800T32W 8NES800T常發(fā)生的故障現(xiàn)象分析:
當(dāng)PLC的RS485口經(jīng)非隔離的PC/PPI電纜與電腦連接、PLC與PLC之間連接或PLC與變頻器、觸摸屏等通信時時有通信口損壞現(xiàn)象發(fā)生,較常見的損壞情況如下:
R1或R2被燒斷,Z1、Z1和SN75176完好。這是由于有較大的瞬態(tài)干擾電流經(jīng)R1或R2、橋式整流、Z1或Z1到地,Z1、Z2能承受最大10A電流的沖擊,而該電流在R1或R2上產(chǎn)生的瞬態(tài)功率為:102×10=1000W,當(dāng)然會將其燒斷。
SN75176損壞,R1、R2和Z1、Z2完好。這主要可能是受到靜電沖擊或瞬態(tài)過電壓速度快于Z1、Z2的動作速度造成的,靜電無處不在,僅人體模式也會產(chǎn)生±15kV的靜電。
Z1或Z2、SN75176損壞,R1和R2完好。這可能是受到高電壓低電流的瞬態(tài)干擾電壓將Z1或Z2和SN75176擊穿,由于電流較小和發(fā)生時間較短因而R1、R2不至于發(fā)熱燒斷。
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由以上分析得知PLC接口損壞的主要原因是由于瞬態(tài)過電壓和靜電造成,產(chǎn)生瞬態(tài)過電壓和靜電的原因很多也較復(fù)雜,如由于PLC內(nèi)部24V電源和5V電源共地,24V電源的輸出端子L+、M為其它設(shè)備混合供電可能導(dǎo)致地電位變化,從而造成共模電壓超出允許范圍。所以EIA-485標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求將各個RS485接口的信號地用一條低阻值導(dǎo)線連接在一起以保證各節(jié)點的地電位相等,消除地線環(huán)流!
當(dāng)帶電插拔未隔離的連接電纜時,由于兩端電位不相等電路中又存在諸多電感、電容之類的器件,插拔瞬間必然產(chǎn)生瞬態(tài)過電壓或過電流。
連接在RS485總線上的其它設(shè)備產(chǎn)生的瞬態(tài)過電壓或過電流同樣會流入到PLC,總線上連接的設(shè)備站點數(shù)越多,產(chǎn)生瞬態(tài)過電壓的因素也越多。
當(dāng)通信線路較長或有室外架空線時,雷電必然會在線路上造成過電壓,其能量往往是巨大的,常有用戶沮喪地說:“聯(lián)網(wǎng)的幾十臺PLC全部遭打壞了!”。
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