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艾默生 3A99158G01它是以三相波形整體生成效果為前提，以逼近電機氣隙的理想圓形旋轉(zhuǎn)磁場軌跡為目的，一次生成三相調(diào)制波形，以內(nèi)切多邊形逼近圓的方式進行控制的。經(jīng)實踐使用后又有所改進，即引入頻率補償，能消除速度控制的誤差;通過反饋估算磁鏈幅值，消除低速時定子電阻的影響;將輸出電壓、電流閉環(huán)，以提高動態(tài)的精度和穩(wěn)定度。但控制電路環(huán)節(jié)較多，且沒有引入轉(zhuǎn)矩的調(diào)節(jié)，所以系統(tǒng)性能沒有得到根本改善。
廈門岳航計算機工程有限公司
聯(lián)系人：李素云
企業(yè)QQ：2851195446，2851195466
手機：18965423501
座機：0592-5165501
2.3矢量控制(VC)方式
矢量控制變頻調(diào)速的做法是將異步電動機在三相坐標系下的定子電流Ia、Ib、Ic、通過三相-二相變換，等效成兩相靜止坐標系下的交流電流Ia1Ib1，再通過按轉(zhuǎn)子磁場定向旋轉(zhuǎn)變換，等效成同步旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標系下的直流電流Im1、It1(Im1相當于直流電動機的勵磁電流;It1相當于與轉(zhuǎn)矩成正比的電樞電流)，然后模仿直流電動機的控制方法，求得直流電動機的控制量，經(jīng)過相應的坐標反變換，實現(xiàn)對異步電動機的控制。其實質(zhì)是將交流電動機等效為直流電動機，分別對速度，磁場兩個分量進行獨立控制。通過控制轉(zhuǎn)子磁鏈，然后分解定子電流而獲得轉(zhuǎn)矩和磁場兩個分量，經(jīng)坐標變換，實現(xiàn)正交或解耦控制。矢量控制方法的提出具有劃時代的意義。然而在實際應用中，由于轉(zhuǎn)子磁鏈難以準確觀測，系統(tǒng)特性受電動機參數(shù)的影響較大，且在等效直流電動機控制過程中所用矢量旋轉(zhuǎn)變換較復雜，使得實際的控制效果難以達到理想分析的結(jié)果。
2.4直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制(DTC)方式
1985年，德魯爾大學的DePenbrock教授次提出了直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制變頻技術。該技術在很大程度上解決了上述矢量控制的不足，并以新穎的控制思想、簡潔明了的系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)、優(yōu)良的動靜態(tài)性能得到了迅速發(fā)展。目前，該技術已成功地應用在電力機車牽引的大功率交流傳動上。
直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制直接在定子坐標系下分析交流電動機的數(shù)學模型，控制電動機的磁鏈和轉(zhuǎn)矩。它不需要將交流電動機等效為直流電動機，因而省去了矢量旋轉(zhuǎn)變換中的許多復雜計算;它不需要模仿直流電動機的控制，也不需要為解耦而簡化交流電動機的數(shù)學模型。
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